chp1: middle class ENGOs

2 files changed, 17 insertions, 9 deletions

diff --git a/bibliography.bib b/bibliography.bib
index fccb73b..5ecfec5 100644
--- a/bibliography.bib
+++ b/bibliography.bib
@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+@book{working-class-env,
+    author={Bell, Karen},
+    title={Working-Class Environmentalism},
+    subtitle={An Agenda for a Just and Fair Transition to Sustainability},
+    date={2020},
+    publisher={Springer International Publishing},
+    address={Cham},
+}
+
 @article{bbc-gilets-jaunes,
     url={https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/yellow_vests},
     urldate={2026-07-24},
diff --git a/chapter1.md b/chapter1.md
index cb07ef8..9a8aab8 100644
--- a/chapter1.md
+++ b/chapter1.md
@@ -412,13 +412,14 @@ This makes sense, since the green movement has historically been heavily
 dominated by large non-governmental organisations such as the RSPB, National
 Audubon Society, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace, and WWF, to name but a few.
 Typically, such NGOs don't depend on grassroots mass mobilisation, and indeed,
-often struggle to mobilise their members on the rare occasions they try to do so
-\[CITE CHRIS ROOTES\]. Their business model is one of raising funds from mass
-membership and corporate partnerships, even in more activist organisations like
-Greenpeace, which largely function as 'protest businesses' \[CITE ROOTES
-AGAIN\]. Thus, these NGOs are dominated by the Western middle classes who
-provide them with money by taking out membership subscriptions and signing off
-corporate partnerships. \[STATISTICAL EVIDENCE WOULD BE NICE\]
+often struggle to mobilise their members on the rare occasions they try to do
+so. Their business model is one of raising funds from mass membership and
+corporate partnerships, even in more activist organisations like Greenpeace,
+which largely function as 'protest businesses' [@rootes-2012]. Thus, these NGOs
+are dominated by the Western middle classes who provide them with money by
+taking out membership subscriptions and signing off corporate partnerships.
+Meanwhile, working-class concerns are often seen as less important or relevant
+to environmentalism by the dominant NGOs [@working-class-env, p. 13].
 
 But what change is it that Western professional middle classes are capable of
 bringing about? If it's not reducing your individual 'carbon footprint' – which,
@@ -476,9 +477,7 @@ catastrophic language is counter-productive in this context.
 
 - Find quotes and page numbers in @{back-to-nature} and @{heat}
 - Explore and evidence: the green movement is on the back foot
-- Evidence: environmental NGOs don't do mass mobilisation
 - Find examples of 'listen to the scientists' and 'science denial' discourses
-- Evidence: environmental NGOs are dominated by Western middle classes
 - Find an example: green rhetor doing some soul-searching
 - Explore: magical green proposals
 - Explore: PMC people feel powerless because the actions they have taken aren't very effective